Comprehensive Assessment of Serum Fetuin-A Levels in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Fetuin-A, also known as α2-HS-glycoprotein (AHSG), is a multifunctional glycoprotein produced largely in the liver. The reversible binding of Fetuin-A to the insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibits the insulin-induced downstream signal flow, increasing insulin resistance. Adult and embryonic hepatocytes express it more than adipocytes and monocytes do. Fetuin-A has numerous physiological and pathological functions and binds to a variety of receptors. It regulates calcium metabolism and insulin signaling. Examine the relationship between serum fetuin-A levels and the presence or severity of gestational diabetes. This nested case–control study comprised 60 women: 30 with GDM and 30 with matched age. First and second trimester prenatal fasting venous blood samples were taken. Fetuin-A, RBS, and HBA1C plasma concentrations were measured. In both trimesters, women with GDM exhibited higher plasma fetuin-A concentrations than control groups. Multivariate linear regression study revealed correlations between variations in fetuin-A levels and alterations in insulin, blood glucose, and cholesterol concentrations. Women exhibiting elevated fetuin-A levels during their second trimester demonstrated an increased likelihood of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to those with stable levels. Fetuin-A levels were associated with changes in cell dysfunction and insulin resistance across the first and second trimesters, indicating a possible biomarker for GDM risk.