The effect of leptin, ceruloplasmin, hsCRP and lipoprotein levels on cardiovascular disease in Thi-Qar Governate, Iraq
Cardiovascular disease CVD is a leading cause of death in the worldwide. Leptin is a hormone produced by adipose tissue that regulates appetite, energy levels, and even cardiovascular health. A copper-binding protein called ceruloplasmin controls both Iron metabolism and free radical defense. Investigates the impact of biomarkers leptin, ceruloplasmin, hsCRP, and lipoproteins on the development and progression of CVD in Thi-Qar Governate patients. A case-control study of ninety patients with CVD at the Nassiriya heart hospital between January 2023 to September 2023, and compared with ninetyone healthy as control factor. The Cobas e411 analyzer were used to measure ceruloplasmin, hsCRP, and lipoprotein levels, and ELISA kit was used to measure leptin level. The results showed no statistical significance in age, smoking, BMI and physical activity, while there was a statistical significance in blood pressure between the two groups. The findings indicated a notable elevation in leptin, hsC-reactive protein, LDL, VLDL, and triglyceride concentrations in the patient cohort, alongside a reduction in ceruloplasmin and HDL levels as compared to the control cohort. While the results showed an increase in the levels of leptin and hsC-reactive protein in men and women when compared with the control group. While the levels of VLDL were high in the men group, the rest of the lipid biomarkers were not statistically significant for the two groups compared to the control group. Increased levels of leptin, C-reactive protein, LDL, VLDL, and triglycerides in patients appear to be due to biological changes associated with heart disease.